Statistical process control methods for quality inspection of blood component samples: a case study / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the analytical methods for detecting data in the process of quality inspection of blood component samples. 【Methods】 The quality inspection data of blood component samples from 2018 to 2022 in our center were collected. Based on the principles of statistical process control, control charts were created using Minitab software to analyze key test items. 【Results】 The P control chart was used to analyze the pass rate of platelet content and revealed one out-of-control point. The normality test was performed on plasma protein content to analyze the causes of data fluctuations for further improvement. The mean and range control chart was utilized for hematocrit measurement, with abnormal data trends detected. Further analysis of the normality test and process capability analysis was conducted, resulting in a Cpk value of 0.67. 【Conclusion】 By applying statistical process control methods, the study employed P control charts to analyze count data in the quality inspection of blood component samples, conducted normality tests for measurement data, and utilized mean and range control charts to identify abnormal data trends. For data conforming to a normal distribution, the process capability index (Cpk) was calculated to explore effective monitoring methods for ensuring stability in the blood supply process.

Research progress of benefits finding for family caregivers of stroke patients / 中国实用护理杂志

The concept of benefit finding, the assessment tools and the status quo of benefit finding for family caregivers of stroke patients were elaborated, the influencing factors of benefit finding of family caregivers of stroke patients were summarized, the current problems and the development direction of future research were pointed out, aiming to provide a reference for clinical staff to conduct research on benefit finding of family caregivers of stroke patients in China.

Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in Tibet / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients in Tibet.Methods:A total of 239 patients with DR who received treatment in Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibet Autonomous Region from December 2017 to December 2018 were included in this study. They were divided into Han nationality and Zang nationality groups according to ethnicity. The condition of DR was evaluated with nonmydriatic ocular fundus photography according to the staging criteria of the severity of retinopathy.Results:The prevalence of DR in Tibet was 18.0％. The prevalence of DR in Tibetan and Han patients with diabetes was 17.5% and 19.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of DR between Tibetan and Han patients with diabetes ( χ2 = 0.10, P = 0.754). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors of developing DR in Tibet included diabetes duration ( OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05-1.24, P < 0.05), insulin therapy ( OR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.09-6.89, P < 0.05), fasting plasma glucose ( OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.07-1.75, P < 0.05) and hypertension ( OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.02-3.86, P < 0.05). Diabetes duration and fasting plasma glucose are independent risk factors of DR. However, although elevated glycated hemoglobin levels were high in Tibet, they could not be used to predict the risk for developing DR ( OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.82-1.25, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Hyperglycemia is an important risk factor of developing DR in Tibet. However, elevated glycated hemoglobin levels cannot be used to predict the risk of developing DR in Tibet. Findings from this study fill the gap in the research on DR prevalence and ethic difference of DR prevalence, providing scientific evidence for prevention and treatment of DR in high-altitude areas.

Pediatric stroke with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome: a case report / 中华神经科杂志

The clinical, imaging, genetic, therapeutic and prognostic features of a case of pediatric stroke who was finally diagnosed with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) in Xi′an International Medical Center Hospital on October 24, 2021 were reported. A 10-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital due to weakness of the right limb for more than 10 hours. The pre-hospital CT showed multiple patchy calcifications in the bilateral frontal lobe and the right parietal lobe cortex-medullary junction. The physical examination on admission had chilblains on the hands, feet and face. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score was 4 points. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed acute brainstem infarction, no abnormality in magnetic resonance angiography, ultrasound and electrocardiogram of heart and neck vessels were normal, cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry and routine examination were normal, blood routine, biochemistry, coagulation, autoantibody series, thyroid function, tumor markers, human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis examinations were normal. After oral administration of aspirin anti-platelet aggregation and rehabilitation exercises, the muscle strength returned to normal and the patient was discharged. One month later, the result of genetic testing was reported as AGS caused by TREX1 gene mutation, and the mutation site is c.58G>A. AGS is a rare autoimmune hereditary encephalopathy with a large heterogeneity of clinical manifestations. When a hereditary disease was suspected, genetic testing should be done.

Erythema multiforme caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in 3 children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To summarize the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of erythema multiforme caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.Methods:The data of clinical features, treatment and prognosis of children diagnosed with erythema multiforme caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Jane 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and related literature was summarized.Results:All the 3 patients suffered from fever, cutaneous and mucous membrane lesions.Cutaneous lesions were manifested as exudative erythema multiforme, and the mucous membranes involved included oral mucosa, ocular conjunctiva and genital mucosa.The symptoms in all 3 cases were alleviated after the treatment with glucocor-ticoid, high doses of gamma globulin, anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae and symptomatic support.Two children suffered secondary infection during treatment and improved with anti-infection.Neither patients had sequelae during the follow-up.Conclusions:Mycoplasma pneumoniae can cause erythema multiforme in children, but it is always misdiagnosed due to its clinical rarity.The mechanism of erythema multiforme caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is not clear.Early administration of glucocorticoid and high doses of gamma globulin, anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae and symptomatic support often lead to a good prognosis.

Survivin and the vascular remodeling of neonatal hypoxic pulmonary hypertension / 国际儿科学杂志

Neonatal hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH) is a common critical illness in the neonatal intensive care unit.Its main pathological features are pulmonary vasospasm and late pulmonary vascular remodeling.The remodeled pulmonary vessels consolidate the increased pressure, which usually followed with right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, making them difficult to reverse.Studies have shown that survivin, as a vital hub of a series of proliferative signaling pathways, contributes to vascular remodeling and disease progression by regulating the apoptosis and proliferation of pulmonary vascular cells.This article reviews the research progress of the mechanism of survivin in neonatal HPH pulmonary vascular remodeling and aims to provide a new direction for the method of reversing neonatal HPH pulmonary vascular remodeling.

Study of left ventricular function and mechanical motion pattern in left bundle branch block / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the left ventricular myocardial work parameters of the animal models with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and evaluate the effects of LBBB on left ventricular function and motion pattern by pressure-strain loops (PSL) of speckle tracking imaging (STI).Methods:In Twenty-four healthy male beagles, LBBB was induced by radio frequency ablation under anesthesia, and blood pressure was measured at the same time. Electrocardiograms and echocardiography images were acquired before (baseline), 30 minutes after (acute-LBBB) and 3 months after(chronic-LBBB) the creation of LBBB respectively. STI was applied to measure the left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) and obtain the the PSL of each time point to evaluate the left ventricular global and segmental myocardial work parameters.Results:Compared to the baseline, the global work efficiencies(GWE) were obviously reduced ( P<0.05) and global wasted works(GWW) were significantly increased ( P<0.01) in the acute-LBBB and chronic-LBBB, significant differences were observed in GLS between acute-LBBB and baseline( P=0.04). In baseline, the work efficiency (WEsept) and the constructive work (CWsept) in the basal and middle segments of the septal wall were both obviously higher than the corresponding segments of left ventricular lateral wall( P<0.01), while the distribution of the wasted work(WWsept) was opposite( P<0.01). In acute-LBBB, the WEsept of all segments were significantly decreased ( P<0.05), the WWsept were obviously increased( P<0.05), the CWsept of basal segment was significantly reduced( P=0.01), while the wasted work in the basal segment of lateral wall(WWlat) was increased( P=0.04) compared with the baseline. Compared with the acute-LBBB, the WEsept of basal and middle segments were mildly recovery( P=0.03) in chronic-LBBB, but were still lower than the baseline ( P=0.001), the changes of the other myocardial work parameters of septal and lateral wall were similar to the acute-LBBB. Conclusions:Both acute-LBBB and chronic-LBBB can lead to the changes of left ventricular global and segmental myocardial work parameters. The myocardial work parameters of left ventricle can quantitatively analyze the changes of left ventricular function and motion pattern of the LBBB.

Clinical, electrophysiological profile and prognosis in paraneoplastic syndrome with SRY-like high-mobility group superfamily of developmental transcription factors 1 antibody / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To summarize the clinical,electrophysiological profile and prognosis in paraneoplastic syndrome with SRY-like high-mobility group superfamily of developmental transcription factors (SOX) 1 antibody.Methods The clinical profile,laboratory examination,electrophysiology,tumor,treatment and prognosis of three patients of paraneoplastic syndrome with SOX1 antibody in Tangdu Hospital,Air Force Military Medical University from 2016 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Proximal lower limbs weakness was the first symptom in all the three patients,weakness normally spreading proximally to distally,involving feet and hands,finally reaching the oculobulbar region,and dry mouth was the most common autonomic dysfunction.Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude was low in all the patients,and the CMAP amplitude became even lower at low stimulating frequencies.An increase in CMAP amplitude with high-frequency stimulation was found in two patients during the follow-up.Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) and motor axonal peripheral neuropathy were considered.Acetylcholine receptors antibody was positive in one case and voltage-gated calcium channel antibody was positive in another case.Two cases were found complicated with small cell lung carcinoma,one case with small cell carcinoma of the esophagus.After treatment of intravenous immunoglobulin,chemotherapy and pyridostigmine,the prognosis of the patients was different.Conclusions SOX1 antibody as an antibody in paraneoplastic syndrome,is most common in small cell lung cancer with LEMS,sometimes with axonal peripheral neuropathy.LEMS needs to be considered when patients manifest proximal limb weakness and dry mouth,and screening for tumors is needed.

Effect of vancomycin on neonatal MRSA septicemia and its clinical effect in children / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of vancomycin on neonatal sepsis and its clinical effect . Methods The clinical data of 67 children with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and septicemia treated in the hospital from January 2010 to January 2017 were reviewed .The children were treated with ceftazidime+piperacillin/sulbactam when they did not diagnosed with MRSA infection .The chil-dren were treated with vancomycin when they diagnosed with MRSA infection .The immunological and inflam-matory indexes of children before and after vancomycin treatment were compared ,and the clinical effects and adverse reactions were evaluated .Results After vancomycin treatment ,the serum IgG and NK cell activities in 67 children were significantly higher than those before vancomycin treatment (P<0 .05) ,the level of IgM in children was lower than that before treatment ( P< 0 .05) .After treatment ,the serum levels of IL-6 ,IL-8 , IL-2 ,sIL-2R ,CRP ,TNF-α,PCT ,WBC in 67 children were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0 .05) .The total effective rate of vancomycin treatment was 89 .55％ ,which was higher than that without vancomycin treatment (58 .21％ ,P< 0 .05);the occurrence of adverse reactions before and after treatment with vancomycin were 19 .40％ and 23 .88％ ,and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0 .05);the children of two groups did not appear serious adverse reactions during treatment ,they were treated by symp-tomatic treatment or respite medication ,and continue treated after symptom relief .Conclusion Vancomycin in the treatment of neonatal septicemia caused by M RSA infection can significantly improve the immune level of children ,reduce the degree of systemic inflammatory response ,and the treatment effect is better .

Peer-teaching: an important approach to train medical students' teaching ability / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Students of clinical medicine are the main reserve forces of clinicians,soit is necessary to train medical students' teaching ability at undergraduate level.As one of the important methods to improve the teaching ability of medical students,peer-teaching is widely used in foreign medical colleges.Peer-teaching involves the teacher and learner who are both medical students.After independent learning,the students served as teachers take the form ofindividualor group teaching and formal or informal teaching to teach the learners.Peer-teaching improves the students' self-learning ability,stimulates the enthusiasm of learning,and cultivates the students' teamwork ability,so it is worthy of being a reference for domestic medical colleges.

The value of monitoring brain oxygen saturation in children with sepsis via near infrared spectroscopy / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To examine the changes of regional cerebral oxygen saturation ( rScO2 ) in children with sepsis via near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS),and to preliminarily explore the clinical signifi-cance of brain oxygenation change in septic children. Methods Children with sepsis who were admitted to Children's Hospital of Fudan University from August 2015 to January 2017 were selected as research objects, according to the presence of septic shock,they were divided into septic shock group and non-shock group. Children without brain damage were selected as the control group and they were healthy before. We prospec-tive monitored the rScO2 of these children after they were admitted to our hospital and recorded the physiolog-ical and biochemical indexes such as mean arterial pressure,heart rate,hemoglobin,lactate and central venous oxygen saturation ( ScvO2 ) simulataneously. We tried to find the changing rule of rScO2 and explore the relationship between rScO2 and related physiological and biochemical indexes as well as the outcome of these children. Results A total of 30 subjects were enrolled into this study, which included 17 septic shock children and 13 non-shock children,17 relatively healthy children were brought into this study as normal con-trol . The rScO2 of septic shock children were lower than those of the non-shock children and the control group in the first 96 hours after admission (P <0. 05). Although the rScO2 were still lower at the time of 144 hours,there were no statistical significance among three groups(P>0. 05). In spite of the rScO2 had no sta-tistical correlation with mean arterial pressure,heart rate,hemoglobin and lactate,there were positive correla-tion between rScO2 and ScvO2 ,the correlation coefficient was about 0. 6 to 0. 7. The higher rScO2 ,the better Glasgow Coma Scale ( GCS) ,which reflected the degree of consciousness. Although the mean rScO2 of the deaths was lower than that of the survivors in septic children,there was no statistical difference. Conclusion The rScO2 of septic shock children is lower than that of non-shock septic children. The rScO2 has no statistical correlation with indicators such as heart rate and mean arterial pressure,but it has strong positive correlation with ScvO2 . Compared with survivors,the rScO2 is lower in dead children. NIRS may be a predictive factor in children with sepsis.

Mild hypothermia pretreatment attenuates liver L02 cells hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion injury through inhibiting JNK activation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the protective effects and the possible mechanisms of mild hypothermia against liver L02 cells hypoxic-ischernia reperfusion injury by using mild hypothermia pretreatment.Methods L02 cells were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group (N group),hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion group (control group) and hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion with mild hypothermia pretreatment group (experimental group).Before hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion,cells in experimental group were pretreated with mild hypothermia for 6 h,while the other groups were given the normal culture.Thereafter,the hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion models of L02 cells were performed by a tri-gas incubator to hypoxic-ischemia culture for 12 h,followed by reperfusion with normal conditions for 4 hours.Cells in N group were cultured in normal conditions.The temperature of experimental groups was set to 32 C.The samples were collected,and the cell injury,the cell vitality,the cell apoptosis and the expression of JNK in different groups were detected.Results Compared to N group,the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly increased,the cell vitality was significantly decreased,the cell apoptosis and the expression of p-JNK were significantly increased in control and experimental groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to control group,all these changes were significantly ameliorated in experimental group.The levels of ALT,AST and LDH in control group were (30.0 ± 4.6),(26.3 ± 3.8) and (1129.0 ± 134.3) U/L,and those in the experimental group were (21.0 ± 2.7),(18.7 ± 2.1)and (898.3 ± 79.2),respectively.The cell vitality in control group and experimental group was (64.33 ± 2.32)％ and (78.17± 3.01)％ respectively.The cell apoptosis in control group and experimental group was (32.4 ± 2.3) ％ and (18.8 ± 1.4) ％ respectively.The expression of p-JNK in experimental group was significantly decreased.All these differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Mild hypothermia pretreatment could significantly attenuate liver L02 cells hypoxicischemia reperfusion injury probably by inhibiting JNK activation.

Mild hypothermia pretreatment attenuates liver L02 cells hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion injury through inhibiting JNK activation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the protective effects and the possible mechanisms of mild hypothermia against liver L02 cells hypoxic-ischernia reperfusion injury by using mild hypothermia pretreatment.Methods L02 cells were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group (N group),hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion group (control group) and hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion with mild hypothermia pretreatment group (experimental group).Before hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion,cells in experimental group were pretreated with mild hypothermia for 6 h,while the other groups were given the normal culture.Thereafter,the hypoxic-ischemia reperfusion models of L02 cells were performed by a tri-gas incubator to hypoxic-ischemia culture for 12 h,followed by reperfusion with normal conditions for 4 hours.Cells in N group were cultured in normal conditions.The temperature of experimental groups was set to 32 C.The samples were collected,and the cell injury,the cell vitality,the cell apoptosis and the expression of JNK in different groups were detected.Results Compared to N group,the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly increased,the cell vitality was significantly decreased,the cell apoptosis and the expression of p-JNK were significantly increased in control and experimental groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to control group,all these changes were significantly ameliorated in experimental group.The levels of ALT,AST and LDH in control group were (30.0 ± 4.6),(26.3 ± 3.8) and (1129.0 ± 134.3) U/L,and those in the experimental group were (21.0 ± 2.7),(18.7 ± 2.1)and (898.3 ± 79.2),respectively.The cell vitality in control group and experimental group was (64.33 ± 2.32)％ and (78.17± 3.01)％ respectively.The cell apoptosis in control group and experimental group was (32.4 ± 2.3) ％ and (18.8 ± 1.4) ％ respectively.The expression of p-JNK in experimental group was significantly decreased.All these differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Mild hypothermia pretreatment could significantly attenuate liver L02 cells hypoxicischemia reperfusion injury probably by inhibiting JNK activation.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia among premature infants <34 weeks′ gestational age in neonatal intensive care unit in China: a multicenter study / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the incidence and pathogen distribution of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among preterm infants admitted to level Ⅲ neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in China.@*Method@#A prospective study was conducted in 25 level Ⅲ NICU, enrolling all preterm infants <34 weeks gestational age admitted to the participating NICU within the first 7 days of life from May 2015 to April 2016. Chi-square test, t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis.@*Result@#A total of 7 918 patients were enrolled, within whom 4 623(58.4%) were males. The birth weight was (1 639±415) g and the gestational age was (31.4±2.0) weeks; 4 654(58.8%) infants required non-invasive mechanical ventilation and 2 154(27.2%) required intubation. Of all the mechanically ventilated patients, VAP occurred in 95 patients. The overall VAP rate was 7.0 episodes per 1 000 ventilator days, varying from 0 to 34.4 episodes per 1 000 ventilator days in different centers. The incidence of VAP was 9.6 and 6.0 per 1 000 ventilator days in children′s hospitals and maternity-infant hospitals respectively, without significant differences (t=1.002, P=0.327). Gram-negative bacilli (76 strains, 91.6%) were the primary VAP microorganisms, mainly Acinetobacter baumannii (24 strains, 28.9%), Klebsiella pneumonia (23 strains, 27.7%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10 strains, 12.0%).@*Conclusion@#The incidence of VAP in China is similar to that in developed counties, with substantial variability in different NICU settings. More efforts are needed to monitor and evaluate the preventable factors associated with VAP and conduct interventions that could effectively reduce the occurrence of VAP.

Protective effect of heat shock protein 70 on lungs in newborn rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the protective effect of adenovirus mediated heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) on lungs in neonatal rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH).Methods One hundred and twenty-eight 7-10 d healthy Wistar neonatal rats were randomly divided into HPH model group and control group.HPH group was divided into saline group,empty virus group,and HSP70 group according to the transfection solution.HPH model was established in the hypoxia cabin of 80 mL/L nitrogen oxygen mixed gas after transfection.The mean pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP) was measured after 3,7,10 and 14 days of hypoxia in each group.The mRNA and protein expression of HSP70,hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha(HIF-1 α),endothelin-1 (ET-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in the lung tissues of neonatal rats were detected by using reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot respectively.Results (1) The mPAP level was significantly higher in saline group (M,Q:12.00,2.50;15.00,2.00;18.00,1.75;20.00,2.25) than that in control group (M,Q:9.50,4.75;10.50,1.00;13.00,1.00;15.50,3.25),and the differences were significant (z =-3.28,-3.40,-3.34,-3.06,all P ＜ 0.01);and the differences were also significant between empty virus group (M,Q:13.50,2.00;15.50,1.75;18.00,1.00;22.00,4.25) and control group (z =-2.83,-3.42,-3.40,-2.97,all P ＜ 0.01) in 3,7,10,and 14 days;but there was no significant difference between HSP70 group (M,Q:8.50,4.00;10.50,1.00;13.00,1.00)and the control group in 3,7,and 10 days (z =-0.43-0.00,-3.06,all P ＞ 0.05).(2) The expressions of HSP70 mRNA among the groups were statistically significant(F =6.321,9.669,6.333,all P ＜ 0.01),and the expressions of HSP70 protein also had significant difference(F =16.463,3.637,17.749,all P ＜ 0.01).(3)The level of HIF-1α mRNA in saline group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (q =4.312,9.106,6.151,all P ＜ 0.01);and the level of HIF-1α mRNA in empty virus group was also significantly higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (q =3.982,9.235,5.352,all P ＜ 0.01) in 3,7,and 10 days;hypoxia in HSP70 group was lower than that of the empty virus group in 3,7 days,and the differences were statistically significant (q =6.083,11.031,all P ＜ 0.05).The level of ET-1 mRNA in saline group was significantly higher than that in the control group(q =5.112,10.086,6.264,all P ＜ 0.01),in empty virus group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (q =4.182,12.238,5.864,all P＜0.01) in 3,7,and 10 days,but in HSP70 group it was lower than that in the empty virus group in 3,7,and 10 days,and the differences were statistically significant (q =6.912,10.235,7.021,all P ＜ 0.05).The level of iNOS mRNA in saline group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (q =4.998,8.056,5.369,all P ＜0.01),in empty virus group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (q =4.778,10.138,5.154,all P ＜0.01) in 3,7,and 10 days,but in HSP70 group it was lower than that in the empty virus group in 3,7,and 10 days,and the differences were statistically significant (q =7.819,9.838,6.156,all P ＜ 0.05).The level of HIF-1 α protein in saline group was significantly higher than that of the control group in 3,7,and 10 days,and the differences were statistically significant (q =3.146,3.012,4.106,all P ＜ 0.05),in empty virus group was significantly higher than that of the control group in 10 days,and the difference was statistically significant (q =3.468,P ＜ 0.05);but in HSP70 group it was lower than that in the empty virus group in 3,7,and 10 days,and the differences were statistically significant (q =3.876,4.108,4.021,all P＜ 0.05).The level of ET-1 protein of HSP70 group was lower than that of the saline group,the differences were statistically significant(q =3.367,2.983,3.246,all P ＜ 0.05),in HSP70 group was lower than that of the empty virus,and the differences were statistically significant (q =3.268,2.678,3.567,all P ＜0.05).The level of iNOS protein in saline group was significantly higher than that in the control group in 3,7,and 10 days,and the differences were statistically significant (q =3.360,3.567,3.567,all P ＜ 0.05),but in HSP70 group it was lower than that in the empty virus group,and the differences were statistically significant (q =3.126,3.908,3.087,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Adenovirus mediated HSP70 can improve the HSP70 expression in HPH,down-regulate the expression of HIF-1 α,ET-1,iNOS,and reduce pulmonary arterial pressure.

The roles of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in neonatal rats / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective To studytherolesof hypoxia-inducible factor-lalpha( HIF-1α )and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension ( HPH) in neonatal rats.Methods Wistar neonatal rats were assigned into HPH group and the control group using random number table method. Neonatal rats in HPH group were exposed to hypoxia according to HPH model. On day 3 , 7 ,14 and 210f hypoxia,the mean pulmonary artery pressure ( mPAP) , the level of mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in lung tissue were examined using RT-PCR and Western blot methods respectively. The correlation of HIF-1,VEGF and mPAP were also analyzed. Results The mPAP ( mmHg)in HPH group on day 3 ,7 ,14 and 210f hypoxia were all higher than the control up[8.5±1.5)vs.5.2±1.0),(12.1±2.1)vs.9.6±0.8),(12.9±2.0)vs.(9.1±0.8),(21.0±2. 3) vs. (11. 2 + 1. 6) ,P < 0. 05]. 0n day 3, 7 and 140f hypoxia,the mRNA of HIF-1α in lung tissue of HPH group were significantly higher than the control group ( P <0. 05 ) . On day 70f hypoxia, the HIF-1αprotein in lung tissue of HPH group was significantly higher than the control group(P <0. 05 ) . On day 7 ,14 and 210f hypoxia,the mRNA and protein of VEGF in lung tissue of HPH group were also significantly higher than the control group( P <0. 05 ). Correlation analysis showed that HIF-1α protein were positively correlated with mPAP on day 3 ,7 . 14 and 210f hypoxia in HPH group ( r = 0. 504 .P = 0. 002) , and VEGF protein were positively correlated with mPAP in HPH group on day 7 , 14 and 210f hypoxia( r = 0. 782, P < 0. 001) .Conclusion Both HIF-1α and VEGF play roles in the occurrence and development of HPH in neonatal rats.

A comparative study of retinopathy of prematurity during different times in a single tertiary neonatal center / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective To study the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a single tertiary center during different times(Phase 1:2009 to 2011;Phase 2:2012 to 2014). Methods From 2009 to 2014, fundus examinations were performed on premature infants admitted to NICU of our hospital. The incidence and risk factors of ROP were compared between the two phases. Results During Phase 1,68 (11. 1% ) cases were diagnosed with ROP among 614 premature infants. During Phase 2, 121 (15. 2% ) cases were diagnosed with ROP among 794 premature infants. The incidences of ROP between the two phases were significantly different (P <0. 05). During Phase 1 and 2, 10 (14. 7% ) infants and 12 (9. 9% ) infants were diagnosed with Grade 3 and above or threshold ROP, respectively. The incidence of Grade 3 and above or threshold ROP between the two phases were also significantly different (P < 0. 05). Logistic analysis demonstrated that gestational age(GA), birth weight (BW), duration of oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation(MV) were independent risk factors during hase 1, whereas GA, MV and blood transfusion were independent risk factors during Phase 2. Pulmonary surfactant (PS) was protective factor of ROP in both two groups. GA in Phase 2 was significant lower than Phase 1 (P <0. 05), while duration of oxygen therapy, incidence of MV, PS and blood transfusion were higher in Phase 2 ( P < 0. 05) . Conclusions The incidence of ROP has increased. Reducing the incidence of preterm delivery, duration of oxygen therapy, incidence of MV and blood transfusion has important role in preventing ROP. Reducing the use of MV and the oxygen concentrations, appropriate PS therapy and focusing on early ophthalmic screening are important preventing severe ROP.

Meta-analysis of the risk factors of urinary tract infection after renal transplantation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To determine the risk factors of urinary tract infection (UTI) after renal transplantation,so as to provide a theoretical basis of reducing the rate of postoperative UTI effectively.Method Such databases as CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,Pubmed,Embase,Ovid,and EBSCO were searched from January 1995 to December 2015 for collecting the studies about UTI after renal transplantation.The search keywords were renal transplantation,kidney transplantation,urinary tract infection and risk factors.Meta-analysis was performed by using the RevMan 5.2 software.Result Fifteen studies were identified,including 1 236 patients in UTI group and 2 729 patients in the control group (non UTI group).The two groups had no significant differences in recipient age,diabetes mellitus history,peritoneal dialysis,cytomegaovirus infection,acute rejection,usage of MMF,usage of Tacrolimus,usage of CsA and retransplantation.The incidence of UTI after renal transplantation was significantly higher in female patients than male patients (OR:2.69;95％ CI:1.92-3.77;P＜0.000 01).The incidence of UTI of cadaveric renal transplantation was higher than living donor renal transplantation (OR:1.51;95％ CI:1.71-1.95;P=0.002).Using D-J tube for urinary reconstruction significantly increased the incidence of UTI (OR:1.51;95 ％ CI:1.07-2.13;P =0.02).Patients in the UTI group had a significantly longer preoperative dialysis time (WMD:1.48;95％ CI:0.22-2.74;P =0.02).Conclusion The female recipients,cadaveric renal transplantation,using D-J tube and prolonged preoperative dialysis time were factors affecting the risk of UTI.UTI after renal transplantation had no relationship with recipient age,diabetes mellitus history,peritoneal dialysis,cytomegaovirus infection,acute rejection,usage of MMF,Tacrolimus and CsA,and retransplantation.

Research advances in liver ischemia reperfusion injury / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a continuous process of damage of liver cells,which could cause a series of clinic reactions.Early owing to IRI,organ failure reaches 10％,and easily leads to acute and chronic liver transplantation rejection.Therefore,study on the treatment method of IRI is very important.Decreasing the adverse effect of IRI could significantly increase the amount of successful liver transplantation.This paper will explore mainly on the pretreatment methods of IRI.

Chinese neonatal birth weight curve for different gestational age / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Since 1986, the reference of birth weight for gestational age has not been updated. The aim of this study was to set up Chinese neonatal network to investigate the current situation of birth weight in China, especially preterm birth weight, to develop the new reference for birth weight for gestational age and birth weight curve.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A nationwide neonatology network was established in China. This survey was carried out in 63 hospitals of 23 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. We continuously collected the information of live births in participating hospitals during the study period of 2011-2014. Data describing birth weight and gestational age were collected prospectively. Newborn's birth weight was measured by electronic scale within 2 hours after birth when baby was undressed. The evaluation of gestational age was based on the combination of mother's last menstrual period, ultrasound in first trimester and gestational age estimation by gestational age scoring system.</p><p><b>STATISTICAL ANALYSIS</b>the growth curve was drawn by using LMSP method, which was conducted in GAMLSS 1.9-4 software package in R software 2.11.1.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A total of 159 334 newborn infants were enrolled in this study. There were 84 447 male and 74 907 female. The mean birth weight was (3 232 ± 555) g, the mean birth weight of male newborn was (3 271 ± 576) g, the mean weight of female newborn was (3 188 ± 528) g. The test of the variables' distribution suggested that the distribution of gestational age and birth weight did not fit the normal distribution, the optimal distribution for them was BCT distribution. The Q-Q plot test and worm plot test suggested that this curve fitted the distribution optimally. The male and female neonatal birth weight curve was developed using the same method.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Using GAMLSS method to establish nationwide neonatal birth weight curve, and the first time to update the birth weight reference in recent 28 years.</p>